Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-10-09 Origin: Site
steel standards
Steel standards use a system to classify, evaluate and define the chemical, mechanical and metallurgical properties of various types of steel metals used in the production of parts, machinery and structures.
Steel standards help metallurgical laboratories, producers and end users in steel production, processes and applications.
Steel can be divided into multiple categories according to different classification standards, such as:
Chemical composition: such as carbon steel, low alloy steel, stainless steel
Smelting methods: such as open-hearth steel, converter steel, electric furnace steel
Processing technology: such as hot rolled steel and cold rolled steel
Product shape: such as thick plates, thin plates, strips, pipes and profiles, etc.
Deoxidation methods: such as killed steel, semi-killed steel and rimmed steel
Microstructure: such as ferritic steel, pearlitic steel and martensitic steel
Heat treatment processes: such as annealing, quenching, tempering and thermomachining
Unfortunately, however, there is no unified international standard or classification system for steel. Therefore, there are a considerable number of standard systems being accepted and used in the world, some of which come from a country or the International Standardization Organization (SDOs), and some from steel producers themselves. Standards that are more widely accepted and used include:
The AISI(abbreviation for American Steel Institute) standard is a traditional standard in the United States and other parts of the world. Although the standard has now been abandoned and no longer updated, and has been gradually replaced by ASTM, SAE and other standards, it is still widely used.
The EN(European Union) standard is a unified standard for European countries. Although it has been accepted and applied by European countries for nearly two decades, abandoned standards, such as the German DIN standard, the British BS standard, the French AFNOR standard, the Italian UNI standard, etc., still often appear in many materials.
The JIS(Japan) standard is widely used in Asia and the Pacific. JIS standards are often used as the basis for standard systems in other countries, such as South Korea, China and Taiwan.
Steel standards in emerging industrial countries, such as China GB standards and YB standards, India's IS standards and Brazil's NBR standards, although some standards are imperfect and lack details, global procurement has made them increasingly used. The same is true of the Russian GOST standard, which is widely used in CIS countries.
Steel standards in vertical industries include the American SAE standard for automobiles and aerospace, the American ASME standard for pressure vessels and various other purposes, the American AWS standard for welding materials and related materials, the American ABS standard for the shipbuilding industry, the British Lloyds standard, the Italian RINA standard and other classification society standards, etc.
In addition to official metal standards, many producers and suppliers tend to use proprietary names for the materials they produce. After some years of development, some private names have become widely used in the industrial field and have become universally accepted names rather than pointing to a particular manufacturer. In most cases, these non-standard common names are not very reliable and should be avoided as much as possible in official technical documentation.
